IPA For Dummies
So you're in a Linguistics class and you can't remember any of the IPA symbols on your own (or your screen reader doesn't read them out right?) Well, here is your resource for (mostly English) IPA symbols to get started with. Let's start with the easiest symbols: vowels! But, before we do, just letting you know that I will also be providing two methods of computer input called X-SAMPA and SIL notation for those who want to be able to type these characters without changing their keyboard layouts. Parentheses are used to indicate the specific letters used to make the sound in the word. The recordings are taken from Wikipedia under the CC-BY-SA licence; it's important to use the recording and not rely on a machine voice, since various accents and dialects have slight different pronunciation.
Vowels
| IPA Smbol | Name | Linguistic Description | X-SAMPA | SIL | English Word | Visual Description | Braille | Pronunciation Audio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ɑ | back a | low back unrounded vowel |
A |
a |
f(a)ther | lowercase "a" with no upper tail | 16 / ⠡ | |
| i | lowercase "i" | high front unrounded vowel |
i |
i |
s(ee) | a lowercase "i" | 24 / ⠊ | |
| ɪ | short i/small capital i | near-high near-front unrounded vowel |
I |
i= |
c(i)ty | similar to uppercase "I" but not as tall | 34 / ⠌ | |
| ɛ | epsilon | low-mid central unrounded vowel |
E |
e< |
b(e)d | the greek letter epsilon; but sometimes said as "reverse 3" | 345 / ⠜ | |
| u | lowercase "u" | high back rounded vowel |
u |
u |
b(oo)t | the lowercase letter "u" | 136 / ⠥ | |
| ʊ | omega/horseshoe u | near-high near-back rounded vowel |
U |
u< |
h(oo)k | the lowercase greek letter omega | 12356 / ⠷ | |
| e | lowercase "e" | high-mid front unrounded vowel |
e |
e |
??? | the lowercase letter e | 15 / ⠑ | |
| o | lowercase "o" | high-mid back rounded vowel |
o |
o |
??? | the lowercase letter o | 135 / ⠕ | |
| a | lowercase "a" | low front unrounded vowel |
@ |
e= |
??? | the lowercase letter a | 1 / ⠁ | |
| ʌ | turned v/caret/wedge/hat | low-mid back unrounded vowel |
V |
u> |
g(u)t | an upsidedown v | 346 / ⠬ | |
| æ | ash | near-low front unrounded vowel |
{
|
a< |
c(a)t | an "a" and "e" ligature | 146 / ⠩ | |
| ə | schwa | mid central vowel |
@ |
e= |
(a)ren(a) | an upside down e | 26 / ⠢ |